{"id":526,"date":"2024-04-29T08:50:47","date_gmt":"2024-04-29T08:50:47","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ehlendergisi.com\/?p=526"},"modified":"2024-04-29T08:51:13","modified_gmt":"2024-04-29T08:51:13","slug":"lazkiyede-bir-surrealist-adonis","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/ehlendergisi.com\/index.php\/2024\/04\/29\/lazkiyede-bir-surrealist-adonis\/","title":{"rendered":"Lazkiye\u2019de bir s\u00fcrrealist: Adonis"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Musatafa Kemal Ers\u00f6z <\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ali Ahmad Said \u0130sber ya da kendine verdi\u011fi maruf ad\u0131yla Adonis, hi\u00e7 \u015f\u00fcphesiz ki modern Arap \u015fiirinin \u00f6nc\u00fclerinden biridir. Arap \u015fiirine yeni bak\u0131\u015f a\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131 kazand\u0131rm\u0131\u015f, Arap k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcnde modernle\u015fmeyi radikal bir bi\u00e7imde savunanlar\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131nda gelmi\u015ftir. Edebiyat d\u00fcnyas\u0131ndaki cesur ve g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc isimlerden biri olarak bilinen Adonis eski \u015fiir anlay\u0131\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n de\u011fi\u015fmesi i\u00e7in devrimci, provokatif fikirler \u00fcretip ve bu fikirleri neredeyse militan bir bi\u00e7imde savunarak hayata ge\u00e7irmi\u015ftir. Arap \u015fiirini yeniden canland\u0131rmak i\u00e7in edebiyat ve \u015fiir mecralar\u0131nda ge\u00e7mi\u015ften gelen anlay\u0131\u015flar \u00fczerine \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar y\u00fcr\u00fcten Adonis\u2019i bu y\u00f6nleriyle yarat\u0131c\u0131 yeni ufuklar a\u00e7arak Arap \u015fiirini yeni bir yola sokmak isteyen devrimci ve etkili bir fig\u00fcr olarak tan\u0131mlamak abart\u0131l\u0131 bir g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f olmasa gerek.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Adonis nehri (\u0130brahim Nehri olarak da bilinir) L\u00fcbnan\u2019n\u0131n Byblos b\u00f6lgesinden Akdeniz vadilerine do\u011fru akan ve ta\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 zamanlarda demir madenlerinden kopararak beraberinde s\u00fcr\u00fckledi\u011fi al\u00fcvyonlardan \u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fc k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 akmaya ba\u015flayan suyundan m\u00fclhem kimi mitolojik anlat\u0131lara konu olmu\u015f bir nehirdir. Anlat\u0131 odur ki bereketin ve verimlili\u011fin tanr\u0131\u00e7as\u0131 Astarte\u2019nin \u00e2\u015f\u0131k oldu\u011fu yak\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131 gen\u00e7 Adonis sevgilisinin t\u00fcm uyar\u0131lar\u0131na ra\u011fmen avlanmaya gider ve bir yaban domuz taraf\u0131ndan \u00f6l\u00fcmc\u00fcl bir \u015fekilde yaralan\u0131r. Ona k\u0131zg\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131na ra\u011fmen Adonis\u2019in yalvar\u0131\u015flar\u0131na dayanamayan Astarte, sevgilisini kurtar\u0131r ve alt\u0131 ay boyunca yer alt\u0131 d\u00fcnyas\u0131nda saklar. Bu yer alt\u0131 inzivas\u0131nda tanr\u0131lara yakar\u0131\u015flar\u0131, \u00e7abalar\u0131 neticesinde sevgilisini yeniden hayata d\u00f6nd\u00fcrmeyi ba\u015far\u0131r. Ancak ne var ki art\u0131k bir nehir olarak\u2026  Ve i\u015fte Adonis\u2019in bir akarsuya d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcp akmaya ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131na inan\u0131lan \u0130slam \u00f6ncesi Suriye\u2019de bu efsane ad\u0131na her y\u0131l kutlamalar d\u00fczenlenir. Orta \u00e7a\u011f \u0130slamiyet d\u00f6nemlerine dek devam eden Adonis\u2019in yer alt\u0131 d\u00fcnyas\u0131ndan bizim d\u00fcnyam\u0131za geri d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fc i\u00e7in yap\u0131lan kutlamalar halen bat\u0131 Suriye\u2019nin sahil \u015feridindeki da\u011f k\u00f6ylerinde farkl\u0131 formlarla da olsa devam etmektedir. Adonis ile ilgili efsaneler ve pagan Suriye d\u00f6nemlerine ait fig\u00fcrler 1940 ile 50\u2019li y\u0131llarda y\u00fckselen Suriye milliyet\u00e7ili\u011fini ifade etmek, buna ba\u011fl\u0131 bir Suriye tarihi yaratmak ve Suriyelilik kimli\u011fi in\u015fa etmek i\u00e7in s\u0131k\u00e7a ba\u015fvurulan unsurlardan biri olarak yeniden reva\u00e7 g\u00f6rmeye ba\u015flar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0130lk gen\u00e7lik y\u0131llar\u0131nda Arap milliyet\u00e7isi, hususiyetle de Suriye milliyet\u00e7isi fikirlerden etkilenen ve bu fikri arka planla Adonis mahlas\u0131n\u0131 alan \u015fair Ali Ahmad Said 1930 y\u0131l\u0131nda Suriye\u2019nin L\u00e2zk\u00eeye k\u0131rsal\u0131ndaki Quasibin kasabas\u0131nda \u00e7ift\u00e7i bir ailenin ilk o\u011flu olarak do\u011far. Quasibin ayn\u0131 zamanda Adonis efsanesinin yayg\u0131nla\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 b\u00f6lgeye 200 km uzakl\u0131kta halk\u0131n\u0131n k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck \u00e7apl\u0131 tar\u0131mc\u0131l\u0131kla ia\u015fesini sa\u011flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve kahhar ekseriyetin okuma yazma bilmedi\u011fi bir kasabad\u0131r. \u00a0Gelecekte Nobel\u2019e aday d\u00fcnya \u00e7ap\u0131nda tan\u0131nan bir \u015fair olacak olan Adonis 12 ya\u015f\u0131na gelinceye kadar hayat\u0131nda hi\u00e7 araba ya da radyo g\u00f6rmeden g\u00fcnd\u00fczleri vadilerde \u00e7al\u0131\u015farak, ak\u015famlar\u0131 da babas\u0131n\u0131n kendisine okudu\u011fu ve \u00f6\u011fretti\u011fi Arap halk deyi\u015fleriyle okuma yazmay\u0131 \u00f6\u011frenmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015farak b\u00fcy\u00fcr. Adonis\u00a0Identit\u00e9 Inachev\u00e9e<\/em>\u00a0(\u201cGer\u00e7ekd\u0131\u015f\u0131 bir Kimlik\u201d) ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 alt\u0131nda kendisiyle yap\u0131lan r\u00f6portajlardan derlenen kitab\u0131nda evlerine gelen misafirlere ezberledi\u011fi \u015fiirleri y\u00fcksek sesle okudu\u011fu bu \u00e7ocukluk g\u00fcnlerini kendisinde \u015fiir fikrinin ve duygusunun \u00f6zg\u00fcn bir bi\u00e7imde geli\u015fti\u011fi, bir s\u00fcre sonra kendi \u015fiirlerini yazmaya ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir d\u00f6nem olarak anlat\u0131r. Ger\u00e7ekten de da\u011f, nehir, r\u00fczgar ve deniz Adonis temas\u0131n\u0131n metaforik bir bi\u00e7imde en s\u0131k tekrarlanan imgeleridir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00d6yle ki Adonis\u2019in ya\u015fam\u0131 boyunca etraf\u0131nda doland\u0131\u011f\u0131 fikirler, pe\u015fini s\u00fcrd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ak\u0131mlar ve yolunu a\u00e7maya \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 de\u011fi\u015fimlerle kendi ya\u015fam hik\u00e2yesi aras\u0131nda hayret uyand\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 bir i\u00e7 i\u00e7elik, gizemli bir kontekst bulunur. Sufilik, \u0130slam \u00f6ncesi Arap efsaneleri, mitoloji, mistisizm, modernizm\u2026  Radikal kopu\u015flar, t\u0131ls\u0131ml\u0131 tesad\u00fcfler yahut dokunu\u015flar neticesinde de\u011fi\u015fen imk\u00e2nlar, her a\u00e7\u0131dan ba\u015fka \u00e2lemlerden denebilecek d\u00fcnyalar\u0131n birbiriye \u00e7arp\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 ve k\u00fcllerinden yeniden do\u011fmas\u0131 beklenen kay\u0131p bir medeniyet\u2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0130\u015fte bu i\u00e7 i\u00e7e ge\u00e7mi\u015fli\u011fin neredeyse binbir gece masallar\u0131ndan biriymi\u015f hissi uyand\u0131ran alametlerinden ilk ve belki de en belirleyicisi, Adonis\u2019in, 1947 y\u0131l\u0131nda Fransa s\u00f6m\u00fcrgeli\u011finden \u00e7\u0131k\u0131p ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kazanm\u0131\u015f olan Suriye\u2019nin ilk cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 Shukri al-Quwatli\u2019yle, Lazkiye\u2019ye yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir ziyaret s\u0131ras\u0131ndaki tan\u0131\u015fma hik\u00e2yesidir. \u015eiirleriyle cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131n\u0131 etkilemek isteyen Adonis k\u00f6y\u00fcnden Lazkiye\u2019ye de\u011fin vadiler i\u00e7erisinden ge\u00e7erek kilometrelerce mesafeyi y\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr ama Lazkiye\u2019ye ge\u00e7 ula\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Yine de cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131na yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u015fiirlerden birini okuyabilmek i\u00e7in yetkililere yalvaran Adonis\u2019in \u00e7abalar\u0131 netice vermi\u015f, b\u00f6ylelikle \u015fiirlerinden birini cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131na okuma f\u0131rsat\u0131n\u0131 yakalam\u0131\u015f ve cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131n\u0131 etkilemi\u015ftir. Adonis\u2019i \u00f6d\u00fcllendirmek isteyen Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 ona ne istedi\u011fini sormu\u015f, Adonis ise \u201cE\u011fitim almak istiyorum\u201d diye cevap vermi\u015ftir. Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131\u2019n\u0131n emriyle Lazkiye\u2019de bir Frans\u0131z lisesine kaydedilen Adonis i\u00e7in mistik say\u0131labilecek bir yolculuk ba\u015flam\u0131\u015f gibidir. \u00a0Daha sonras\u0131nda \u015eam \u00dcniversitesi\u2019nde Felsefe B\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc\u2019nde Sufi bilimleri ile ilgili e\u011fitim al\u0131r. 1961 y\u0131l\u0131nda Paris\u2019te e\u011fitim almak \u00fczere burs kazan\u0131r. 1962 y\u0131l\u0131nda Roma\u2019da Arap edebiyat\u0131na ili\u015fkin konferanslara kat\u0131l\u0131r. 1978 y\u0131l\u0131nda ise Beyrut St. Joseph \u00dcniversitesi\u2019nde doktoras\u0131n\u0131 tamamlar. 1970 ile 1985 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda L\u00fcbnan \u00dcniversitesi\u2019nde Arap Edebiyat\u0131 B\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc\u2019nde, 1976 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u015eam \u00dcniversitesi\u2019nde, 1980 y\u0131l\u0131nda L\u00fcbnan i\u00e7 sava\u015f\u0131 nedeniyle iltica etti\u011fi Paris\u2019in, Sorbonne \u00dcniversitesi\u2019nde, 1985 y\u0131l\u0131nda ise nihai olarak yerle\u015fti\u011fi ABD\u2019nin Georgetown \u00dcniversitesin\u2019de akademik g\u00f6revler \u00fcstlenmi\u015f ve UNESCO Arap Cemiyeti\u2019nin kal\u0131c\u0131 temsilcisi olmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Yukar\u0131da s\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc etti\u011fimiz hasletlerin kim unsurlar\u0131 Adonis\u2019in siyasal ve edebi ya\u015fam\u0131\/m\u00fccadelesi i\u00e7in de ge\u00e7erli gibidir.  \u00dcniversite \u00f6\u011frencisi oldu\u011fu y\u0131llarda Suriye Toplumsal Milliyet\u00e7i Partisi\u2019ne \u00fcye olmu\u015f ve Arap milliyet\u00e7i ak\u0131m\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 Filistin, L\u00fcbnan, K\u0131br\u0131s ve hatta Irak\u2019\u0131n bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131 i\u00e7ine alan B\u00fcy\u00fck Suriye siyasetini savunan karizmatik bir ki\u015filik olan parti lideri Antun Sa\u2019ada ile tan\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. L\u00fcbnan\u2019da giri\u015filen ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131z bir darbe denemesinin ard\u0131ndan 1949 y\u0131l\u0131nda Sa\u2019ada\u2019n\u0131n idam\u0131yla birlikte hapishaneyle tan\u0131\u015fan Adonis\u2019in b\u00fcy\u00fck iddialar\u0131n, radikal kopu\u015flar\u0131n, ayn\u0131 \u00f6l\u00e7ekteki b\u00fcy\u00fck suk\u00fct-u hayallerin pe\u015finde s\u00fcrg\u00fcnlerle ge\u00e7en siyasi ve edebi yolculu\u011fu ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Suriye\u2019de istihbarat takibatlar\u0131, tutuklamalarla ge\u00e7en y\u0131llar\u0131n ard\u0131ndan s\u00fcrg\u00fcn edildi\u011fi Beyrut\u2019ta s\u00fcrg\u00fcn edilmi\u015f yazarlar ile sanat\u00e7\u0131lardan olu\u015fan zengin bir toplulu\u011fun en g\u00f6zde \u00fcyelerinden biri ve edebi tart\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n, \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015flar\u0131n oda\u011f\u0131ndaki akt\u00f6rlerden biri olmay\u0131 ba\u015fard\u0131. L\u00fcbnan\u2019da \u00f6nce Sa\u2019ada\u2019n\u0131n takip\u00e7ilerinden biri olan \u015fair Yusuf al-Khal ile Shi\u2019r <\/em>(\u201c\u015eiir\u201d)  daha sonra da Arap ele\u015ftirmen Kamal Abu-Deeb ile beraber \u201cMawaqif\u201d isimli eski Arap \u015fiir yap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 y\u0131kan, literat\u00fcre pek \u00e7ok yenilikler ve elbette beraberinde b\u00fcy\u00fck, canl\u0131 tart\u0131\u015fmalar getiren \u00fccretsiz edebiyat dergileri yay\u0131nlad\u0131. Arap d\u00fcnyas\u0131n\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00e7alkant\u0131lar ve de\u011fi\u015fimler ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir d\u00f6nemin c\u00fcretk\u00e2r bir devrimcisi olan Adonis\u2019in L\u00fcbnan ya\u015fant\u0131s\u0131 da s\u00fcrg\u00fcnle nihayetlendi ve Paris\u2019e gitti. Son Beyrut y\u0131llar\u0131yla birlikte bu s\u00fcrg\u00fcn y\u0131llar\u0131, Adonis\u2019in siyasi ve edebi hayat\u0131n\u0131n farkl\u0131 bir merhaleye girdi\u011fi, \u015fiir ve yaz\u0131lar\u0131nda s\u0131kl\u0131kla hem toplumsal, hem ki\u015fisel planlarda ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 hayal k\u0131r\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131 konusunu i\u015fledi\u011fi bir d\u00f6nem oldu. Bu yeni a\u015famadan itibaren \u015fiirlerinden de\u011fi\u015fim ve s\u00fcrg\u00fcn temalar\u0131n\u0131 i\u015fledi. Bu nedenlerle Adonis\u2019in ana \u015fiir temas\u0131n\u0131n s\u00fcrg\u00fcn \u015fiirleri olarak tan\u0131mlanmas\u0131 hi\u00e7 de \u015fa\u015f\u0131rt\u0131c\u0131 olmasa gerek.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ayn\u0131 d\u00f6nem Adonis, B\u00fcy\u00fck Suriye d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesinden kopup, pan-Arabist Arap milliyet\u00e7ili\u011fini benimserken edebi planda da s\u00fcrrealizm ve Frans\u0131z edebiyat\u0131nda s\u00fcrrealist sanat\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131 ke\u015ffetti. B\u00f6ylelikle Arap \u015fiir miras\u0131na s\u00fcrrealizm etkilerini de katm\u0131\u015f oldu. 1985 y\u0131l\u0131nda kaleme ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 Arap \u015eiirine Giri\u015f adl\u0131 kitab\u0131nda bu hususa ili\u015fkin \u015f\u00f6yle yazacakt\u0131<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cBaudelaire okurken Abu Nuwas hakk\u0131nda d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncelerim de\u011fi\u015fti ve \u015fiirde kalite ile modernizmin olmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fine inan\u0131yorum ayr\u0131ca Mallarm\u00e9\u2019nin \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131na bakt\u0131\u011f\u0131mda Abu Tammam\u2019\u0131n \u015fiir dilindeki gizemlili\u011fi ve modernli\u011fi daha iyi anl\u0131yorum. Rimbaud, Nerval ve Breton \u00fczerine yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131m okumalar mistik \u015fairlerin benzersizli\u011fini ve etkileyicili\u011fini ke\u015ffetmemi sa\u011flad\u0131.\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

G\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc ve zengin bir mistik \u015fiir gelene\u011fi olan Fars edebiyat\u0131na nazaran Arap edebiyat\u0131nda b\u00f6yle bir gelenekten bahsedebilmek olduk\u00e7a g\u00fc\u00e7t\u00fcr. \u00dcnl\u00fc Irakl\u0131 \u015eair Al-Niffari\u2019nin s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 katk\u0131s\u0131na ra\u011fmen orta \u00e7a\u011fda filizlenen Arap mistik \u015fiirleri genellikle kli\u015feler \u00fczerine yaz\u0131lan, s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 ve dini \u015fiirlerdi. Arap edebiyat\u0131nda s\u00fcrrealist bir at\u0131l\u0131m i\u00e7in literat\u00fcrde ilgili bir damar arayan Adonis, bunu Al-Niffari de bulmu\u015ftur. \u0130lahiyat \u00fczerine olduk\u00e7a enerjik, iddial\u0131, \u00f6fke dolu ve tuhaf metaforlarla dolu yaz\u0131lar yazan Al-Niffari\u2019nin okurlar\u0131n\u0131n farkl\u0131 bir d\u00fcnyaya yolculuk yapmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayan \u00fcslub\u00fcyla toplumsal ve edebiyat konular\u0131ndaki devrimci ve radikal g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fleri Adonis\u2019i ciddi \u015fekilde etkilemi\u015ftir ve onun da bu t\u00fcr \u015fiirler yazmas\u0131na neden olmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ondokuzuncu y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n Abbasi Alevi \u015fairlerinden olan Abu Nuwas da Adonis\u2019i etkileyen \u00f6nemli fig\u00fcrlerden biridir. Ayn\u0131 \u015fekilde onbirinci y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n ele\u015ftirel \u015fairlerinden ve hicivcilerinden biri olan al-Ma\u2019arri de Adonis\u2019i etkilemi\u015ftir. Belki de Adonis\u2019i en \u00e7ok etkileyen ve \u0130slam \u00f6ncesi Arap fig\u00fcrlerini kullanan bir \u015fair olmas\u0131na neden olan \u00f6nemli ki\u015filerden biri de alt\u0131nc\u0131 y\u00fczy\u0131lda s\u00fcrg\u00fcn edilinceye kadar ya\u015fayan Imru\u2019l-Qays\u2019d\u0131r. Imru\u2019l-Qays\u2019\u0131n, nostaljik, erotik ve zengin hayal g\u00fcc\u00fc ile yaz\u0131lm\u0131\u015f Mu\u2019allaqa<\/em> \u015fiiri \u00fczerine \u00e7ok da d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnen ve yazan Adonis, arad\u0131\u011f\u0131 modern \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131n modern zamanlara ait olmayan k\u00f6kenlerini bulmu\u015f gibidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0130slam \u00f6ncesi Arap edebiyat\u0131 ve klasik Arap \u015fiirinden beslenen ancak bunlar\u0131 a\u015farak konu ve i\u00e7erik \u00e7e\u015fitlili\u011fi d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda farkl\u0131 uyaklarda, bazan d\u00fcz yaz\u0131 \u015feklinde yaz\u0131lan farkl\u0131 formlar deneyen Adonis, kendine has yeni bir \u015fiir evreni yaratabilmi\u015ftir. Denilebilir ki Adonis\u2019in evreni solipsist tiyatro vizyonuna sahiptir. S\u00f6ylemek istedi\u011fini gizli bir \u015fekilde verir ve anla\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131 zordur. Tarihin sonunda yeniden ortaya \u00e7\u0131kaca\u011f\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclen Mehdi gibi kavramlar\u0131 \u015fiirlerinde anlatan Adonis k\u0131yamet ile ilgili de tuhaf kehanetler s\u00f6ylemi\u015ftir, k\u0131yamette kimin kurtulup kurtulamayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 bilmedi\u011fini ifade eder. \u015eam, Adonis\u2019in \u015fiirlerinde \u00f6nemli bir yer tutar. \u015eair genellikle ba\u011flam olarak \u015eam\u2019\u0131 kullanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r ancak bu \u015fehri s\u00fcrrealist bir metafor \u00fczerinden vermi\u015f ve tuhaf bir \u015fekilde efsaneler ile betimlemi\u015ftir. Adonis\u2019in evreni amblemlerle doludur: \u015fehir, deniz, r\u00fczgar, ayna, a\u011fa\u00e7, hayal. Objeler ve anlamlar\u0131 \u00e7ocuksu ve anla\u015f\u0131lmaz bir \u015fekilde betimlemektedir. \u00d6rne\u011fin r\u00fczgar\u0131n omuzlar\u0131nda a\u011flayan bir \u00e7ocuk oldu\u011funu yazm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Hayallerin ya\u015flanan bir yeti\u015fkin oldu\u011funu ifade etmi\u015ftir. D\u00fcnyan\u0131n kanatl\u0131 bir ku\u015f oldu\u011funu ve hayallerin yuvas\u0131nda sakland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6ylemi\u015ftir. T\u00fcm bu betimlemelerin s\u00fcrrealist betimlemeler oldu\u011funu ifade etmek m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Adonis s\u00fcrrealizmin, mistisizmin Tanr\u0131s\u0131z bir formu oldu\u011funu ileri s\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015f ve Sufizmin inan\u00e7 ve geleneksel din ile ilgisi olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc ifade eder. S\u00fcrrealizm ve Sufizm Adonis\u2019e g\u00f6re gizli d\u00fcnya ile ilgili \u015feylerle ilgilenen iki aland\u0131r ve g\u00f6r\u00fclmeyen, konu\u015fulmayan ve anla\u015f\u0131lamayan\u0131 ele al\u0131rlar. Adonis yukar\u0131da da bahsedildi\u011fi \u00fczere Andr\u00e9 Breton, al-Niffari ve \u201coryantal Sufi\u201d olarak tan\u0131mlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 Rimbaud\u2019dan \u00e7ok\u00e7a etkilenmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Adonis\u2019in edebi g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fleri ve tutumlar\u0131yla siyasi m\u00fclahazalar\u0131 ve tutumlar\u0131 da bir b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fck arz eder. Bir \u015fair ve edebiyat teorisyeni olarak kimse, siyasal olarak da ayn\u0131 ki\u015fidir.  Uslanmaz bir muhalif, c\u00fcretk\u00e2r bir devrimci ve radikal bir ilerici\u2026 \u015eair olarak da siyasal ki\u015filik olarak da peygambervari bir edayla seslenir. \u00d6yle ki \u015fairler ve peygamberler aras\u0131nda bir analoji kurar. Her ikisinin de toplumu sosyal olarak de\u011fi\u015fmeye ve adil olmaya zorlayabileceklerini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcr. Peygambervari bir \u015fair ve siyaset insan\u0131 olarak odakland\u0131\u011f\u0131 iki cephe s\u00f6z konusudur. \u0130lki kurumsal \u0130slam, ge\u00e7mi\u015f ve Arap k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn ataerkil yap\u0131s\u0131d\u0131r. Ona g\u00f6re toplumun kad\u0131na y\u00f6nelmesi gerekmektedir. \u0130kincisi ise Bat\u0131 materyalizmi, emperyalizm ve Ortado\u011fu k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn Bat\u0131ya ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131d\u0131r. Adonis Bat\u0131n\u0131n Arap d\u00fcnyas\u0131n\u0131n yozla\u015fm\u0131\u015f, ataerkil bir toplum olarak kalmas\u0131 i\u00e7in u\u011fra\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve Bat\u0131n\u0131n Araplar\u0131n \u0130slami temeller \u00fczerinde ya\u015famas\u0131n\u0131 istedi\u011fini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcr. Ona g\u00f6re Arap d\u00fcnyas\u0131 Bat\u0131 temelleri \u00fczerine modern bir k\u00fclt\u00fcr in\u015fa edemez. \u0130yi bilinen \u015fiirlerinden biri olan \u201cA Grave for New York\u201dta \u00d6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck Heykelinin bir elinde \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck ad\u0131 verilen pa\u00e7avray\u0131 tuttu\u011funu di\u011fer eliyle ise d\u00fcnya ad\u0131ndaki \u00e7ocu\u011fu bo\u011fdu\u011funu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc yazm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Bir ba\u015fka yerde ise Avrupa\u2019n\u0131n solucanlar\u0131n yedi\u011fi bir ceset oldu\u011funu ifade eder. Yine de Adonis Bat\u0131 konusunda her zaman karma\u015f\u0131k ve \u00e7eli\u015fkili duygular i\u00e7inde olmu\u015ftur diyebiliriz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nihayet Adonis \u0130kinci D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131 sonras\u0131 d\u00f6nemin en \u00f6nemli Arap yazarlar\u0131ndan biridir. Hem bir \u015fair hem edebiyat teorisyeni hem de tastamam bir devrimcidir. \u015eiire ve Arap siyasetine radikal bir bak\u0131\u015f a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131 getirmi\u015ftir. Ad\u0131 halen isyan, reddetme, radikal manifestolar gibi pek \u00e7ok kavramla beraber an\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. \u015eiirleri bu alana radikallik getirmi\u015f ve sonraki d\u00f6nemi g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir bi\u00e7imde etkilemi\u015ftir. Bir b\u00fct\u00fcn olarak Ortado\u011fu co\u011frafyas\u0131n\u0131n i\u00e7inde bulundu\u011fu ahval ve \u015ferait d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde Adonis\u2019in g\u00fcncelli\u011fi ve bi\u2019vesile hat\u0131rlanmas\u0131n\u0131n gereklili\u011fi a\u00e7\u0131k bir bi\u00e7imde anla\u015f\u0131lacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Vesile olmas\u0131 umuduyla\u2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n

http:\/\/siyasihaber3.org\/laskiyede-bir-surrealist-adonis<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Musatafa Kemal Ers\u00f6z Ali Ahmad Said \u0130sber ya da kendine verdi\u011fi maruf ad\u0131yla Adonis, hi\u00e7 \u015f\u00fcphesiz ki modern Arap \u015fiirinin \u00f6nc\u00fclerinden biridir. Arap \u015fiirine yeni bak\u0131\u015f a\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131 kazand\u0131rm\u0131\u015f, Arap k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcnde modernle\u015fmeyi radikal bir bi\u00e7imde savunanlar\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131nda gelmi\u015ftir. Edebiyat d\u00fcnyas\u0131ndaki cesur ve g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc isimlerden biri olarak bilinen Adonis eski \u015fiir anlay\u0131\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n de\u011fi\u015fmesi i\u00e7in devrimci, provokatif fikirler […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":528,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"tdm_status":"","tdm_grid_status":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[6],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-526","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-kultur"},"yoast_head":"\nLazkiye\u2019de bir s\u00fcrrealist: Adonis - ehlen<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Anlat\u0131 odur ki bereketin ve verimlili\u011fin tanr\u0131\u00e7as\u0131 Astarte\u2019nin \u00e2\u015f\u0131k oldu\u011fu yak\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131 gen\u00e7 Adonis sevgilisinin t\u00fcm uyar\u0131lar\u0131na ra\u011fmen avlanmaya gider ve bir yaban domuz taraf\u0131ndan \u00f6l\u00fcmc\u00fcl bir \u015fekilde yaralan\u0131r.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"http:\/\/ehlendergisi.com\/index.php\/2024\/04\/29\/lazkiyede-bir-surrealist-adonis\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"tr_TR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Lazkiye\u2019de bir s\u00fcrrealist: Adonis - 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