{"id":893,"date":"2025-06-13T11:24:47","date_gmt":"2025-06-13T11:24:47","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ehlendergisi.com\/?p=893"},"modified":"2025-06-13T11:32:51","modified_gmt":"2025-06-13T11:32:51","slug":"gadir-humm-ve-aleviler","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ehlendergisi.com\/index.php\/2025\/06\/13\/gadir-humm-ve-aleviler\/","title":{"rendered":"\u011ead\u00eer Humm ve Aleviler"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Hakan Mertcan<\/p>\n\n\n\n

‘Arap Aleviler, Hicr\u00ee Zilhicce ay\u0131n\u0131n 18\u2019ini \u011ead\u00eer Humm Bayram\u0131 olarak kutlar. Y\u00fczy\u0131llarca t\u00fcm bask\u0131 ve katliam politikalar\u0131na ra\u011fmen\u00a0Arap Aleviler\u00a0halen,\u00a0\u011ead\u00eer Humm\u2019u en y\u00fcce bayram olarak co\u015fkuyla kutlamaya devam etmektedir.\u00a0Iyd el-\u011ead\u00eer\u00a0denilen bu bayramda maddi hayat\u0131n bir nevi durmas\u0131, Hakk ile cem olunmas\u0131, varolu\u015f ve\u00a0Ma\u2019n\u00e2\u00a0\u00fczerine tefekk\u00fcr edilmesi gerekir<\/em>.’<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Hz. Ali\u2019nin taraftarlar\u0131 peygamberin kendisinin yerine ge\u00e7ecek ki\u015fiyi \u011ead\u00eer Humm\u2019da a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a i\u015faret etti\u011fini Hz. Ali\u2019nin velayeti ve vesayeti konusundaki en b\u00fcy\u00fck delilin \u011ead\u00eer Humm oldu\u011funu savunurlar. Mekke ile Medine aras\u0131nda bulunan bir yer olan \u011ead\u00eer Humm, \u0130slam tarihinde, Hz. Muhammed\u2019in Hz. Ali lehine yapm\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fu konu\u015fmayla \u00fcnlenmi\u015ftir. Bir\u00e7ok S\u00fcnni ve \u015eii kaynak bildirir ki Peygamber Veda Hacc\u0131\u2019n\u0131n ard\u0131ndan Mekke\u2019den Medine\u2019ye d\u00f6nerken, \u011ead\u00eer Humm olarak adland\u0131r\u0131lan yerde takip\u00e7ilerini bir araya toplayarak, S\u00fcnni ve \u015eia tarihinde, en \u00e7ok tart\u0131\u015f\u0131lan konulardan birini olu\u015fturacak olan konu\u015fmay\u0131 yapm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu konu\u015fmada peygamber, \u201cBen kimin mevlas\u0131 isem Ali de onun mevlas\u0131d\u0131r\u201d, \u201cAllah\u0131m! Ali\u2019yi seveni sev, ona d\u00fc\u015fman olana d\u00fc\u015fman ol\u201d \u015feklinde c\u00fcmlelerle Ali\u2019nin velayetini a\u00e7\u0131klam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu konu\u015fmadaki \u201cmevla\u201dn\u0131n anlam\u0131 hususunda S\u00fcnni ve \u015eiiler aras\u0131nda bir anla\u015fmazl\u0131k s\u00f6z konusudur. S\u00fcnni kaynaklar mevlay\u0131 arkada\u015f ya da yak\u0131n akraba manas\u0131nda ele al\u0131yorlar. \u015eii gelenek ise, mevlay\u0131, lider manas\u0131nda kabul eder ve peygamberin kendisinden sonra yerine ge\u00e7ecek ki\u015fi olarak Ali\u2019yi i\u015faret etti\u011fini savunur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Peygamberin bu d\u00fcnyadan g\u00f6\u00e7\u00fcn\u00fcn ard\u0131ndan, Hz. Ali\u2019nin hakk\u0131n\u0131n gasbedildi\u011fine inananlar yenilgiye u\u011fram\u0131\u015f ve az\u0131nl\u0131kta kalm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bunlar\u0131n, uzun bir s\u00fcre iktidardan uzak tutulmalar\u0131 ba\u015far\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu durum, t\u00fcm Ali taraftarlar\u0131n\u0131n i\u00e7inde b\u00fcy\u00fck bir haks\u0131zl\u0131\u011fa u\u011fram\u0131\u015fl\u0131k duygusunun derinle\u015fmesine neden olmu\u015ftur. \u0130lk m\u00fccadeleyi kaybeden Ali taraftarlar\u0131, heyecan\u0131n\u0131 yitirerek geri \u00e7ekilmi\u015f, Ali de siyasal alandan uzakla\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Bu geri \u00e7ekilmede yeni do\u011fmakta olan \u0130slam toplulu\u011funun b\u00f6l\u00fcn\u00fcp da\u011f\u0131lmamas\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesi rol oynam\u0131\u015f olabilir fakat Ali\u2019yi as\u0131l yaln\u0131zla\u015ft\u0131ran\u0131n, evine kapanmas\u0131na neden olan\u0131n, kendi tutumundan ziyade, siyasal-toplumsal g\u00fcc\u00fc elde eden Ebu Bekir ve \u00d6mer\u2019in tavr\u0131 oldu\u011fu da ileri s\u00fcr\u00fclebilir. Bunlar, Ali\u2019yi iktidar sahas\u0131ndan uzak tutmak i\u00e7in neredeyse ellerinden geleni ardlar\u0131na koymam\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. Fakat Hz. Ali ve taraftarlar\u0131n\u0131n ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 durgunluk Osman\u2019\u0131n halifeli\u011fi d\u00f6neminde de\u011fi\u015fmeye ba\u015flad\u0131 ve yeni bir dinamizm ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131. Hz. Ali yanda\u015flar\u0131nca Halife Osman\u2019\u0131n d\u00f6nemi, her \u015feyin \u00e7ok daha k\u00f6t\u00fcle\u015fti\u011fi, \u0130slam\u2019\u0131n e\u015fitlik ve adalet fikrinin derinden sars\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131, \u201cbencilli\u011fi, tekelcili\u011fi ve ya\u011fmay\u0131\u201d me\u015frula\u015ft\u0131ran bir s\u00fcre\u00e7 olarak g\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Hz. Ali taraftarlar\u0131n\u0131n uykudan ay\u0131kmaya ba\u015flamas\u0131yla yeni fikir ve talepler kendini g\u00f6sterdi. \u201cAli\u2019yi destekleyen yeni siyasal gruplar\u0131n do\u011fu\u015fu ve onun iktidar\u0131nda izleyece\u011fi kesin olan kat\u0131 e\u015fitlik\u00e7i politika ba\u015fta \u00dcmeyye o\u011fullar\u0131 ve di\u011fer g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc Mekke oymaklar\u0131 olmak \u00fczere boy aristokrasisinin huzurunu ka\u00e7\u0131rmaya yeterli\u201d[1]<\/sup><\/a> olmu\u015ftur. Bu d\u00f6nem \u0130slam toplumunun i\u00e7ine s\u00fcr\u00fcklendi\u011fi kaos, Halife Osman\u2019\u0131n M. 656 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclmesiyle daha da derinle\u015fti. Ali halifeli\u011fe gelse de bu kaotik ortama tam anlam\u0131yla son vermeyi ba\u015faramam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r; iki birbirine kar\u015f\u0131t anlay\u0131\u015f aras\u0131nda ba\u015flayan \u015fiddetli m\u00fccadelede \u201ce\u015fitlik ve adalet\u201d idealinin yenilgiye u\u011framas\u0131 ve s\u00fcrecin sonunda Ali\u2019nin de \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclmesiyle, S\u00fcnni-\u015eii ayr\u0131\u015fmas\u0131, belki de art\u0131k hi\u00e7bir zaman giderilemeyecek bir d\u00fczeye ta\u015f\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ali\u2019nin u\u011frad\u0131\u011f\u0131 haks\u0131zl\u0131klar\u0131 ve katledilmesini Ali evlatlar\u0131n\u0131n g\u00f6rece\u011fi b\u00fcy\u00fck zul\u00fcmler izlemi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Hz. Ali\u2019nin ard\u0131ndan, Kufelilerin halife olarak tan\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131 Hasan b. Ali k\u0131sa s\u00fcre sonra Muaviye lehine bu i\u015ften el \u00e7ekmek zorunda b\u0131rak\u0131ld\u0131 ve ard\u0131ndan \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc. B\u00f6ylece \u0130slam \u00e2leminde \u015eii ve Haricilerin d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda, \u00e7o\u011funluk taraf\u0131ndan tan\u0131nacak olan Emevi iktidar\u0131 kuruldu. Bu da Alevi topluluklar taraf\u0131ndan, Emevilerin \u015fiddetle, zorbal\u0131kla yenilgiye u\u011fratt\u0131klar\u0131 \u0130slam\u2019\u0131n adil mesaj\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131, Hakk\u2019\u0131 esas alan M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131n anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131n yerine kendi \u0130slam anlay\u0131\u015flar\u0131n\u0131, yani \u201cEmevi \u0130slam\u0131\u201dn\u0131, \u00e7\u0131karc\u0131, kay\u0131rmac\u0131, aristokratik ya\u015fam esaslar\u0131n\u0131 ihya etmeleri olarak anla\u015f\u0131l\u0131yordu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0130mam Hasan\u2019\u0131n \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclmesini, karde\u015fi \u0130mam H\u00fcseyin\u2019in Kerbel\u00e2\u2019da yak\u0131nlar\u0131yla birlikte trajik bi\u00e7imde katledilmesi ve imaml\u0131k makam\u0131na gelen Ali evlatlar\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclmesi izlemi\u015ftir. Emevi iktidar\u0131 boyunca, \u0130mamlar\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra \u00e7ok say\u0131da Ali taraftar\u0131 katledilmi\u015f, onlar\u0131n de\u011ferlerine kar\u015f\u0131 sava\u015f a\u00e7\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ve uzun y\u0131llar Hz. Ali\u2019ye mimberden s\u00f6vmek bir adet haline getirilmi\u015ftir. B\u00fct\u00fcn bu zul\u00fcm ve bask\u0131 pratikleri, farkl\u0131 radikal Ali taraftar\u0131 gruplar\u0131n oldu\u011fu gibi, Arap Alevilerin de ortaya \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 haz\u0131rlayan bir zemin sunmu\u015ftur. Ayr\u0131ca bu s\u00fcre\u00e7te ya\u015fananlar, genelde \u015eii ve Alevi topluluklar\u0131n, \u00f6zelde Arap Alevi toplumunun kolektif belle\u011finde unutulmaz bir yer edinmi\u015f ve Alevilerin toplumsal kimli\u011finin \u015fekillenmesinde belirleyici nitelikte olmu\u015ftur.[2]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Arap Aleviler, Hicr\u00ee Zilhicce ay\u0131n\u0131n 18\u2019ini \u011ead\u00eer Humm Bayram\u0131 olarak kutlar. Y\u00fczy\u0131llarca t\u00fcm bask\u0131 ve katliam politikalar\u0131na ra\u011fmen\u00a0Arap Aleviler\u00a0halen,\u00a0\u011ead\u00eer Humm\u2019u en y\u00fcce bayram olarak co\u015fkuyla kutlamaya devam etmektedir.[3]<\/sup><\/a>\u00a0Iyd el-\u011ead\u00eer<\/em>\u00a0denilen bu bayramda maddi hayat\u0131n bir nevi durmas\u0131, Hakk ile cem olunmas\u0131, varolu\u015f ve\u00a0Ma\u2019n\u00e2<\/em>\u00a0\u00fczerine tefekk\u00fcr edilmesi gerekir (En az\u0131ndan teorik olarak, insanlar\u0131n i\u015fe gitmemesi, bu d\u00fcnya i\u00e7in de\u011fil maddi varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n \u00f6tesindeki \u00e2lem\/ler i\u00e7in \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fine inan\u0131l\u0131r). \u0130nsanlar hem madden hem manen temiz bir bi\u00e7imde bir araya gelir, Alevi inanc\u0131na g\u00f6re Hakk\u2019a y\u00f6nelir; dayan\u0131\u015fma ve karde\u015fle\u015fme pratikleriyle\u00a0Hr\u00eesi\u00a0[4]<\/strong><\/sup><\/a>\u00a0<\/em>kazanlar\u0131 kaynat\u0131l\u0131r.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bilindi\u011fi gibi, Alevi d\u00fcnyas\u0131nda g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc yerleri olan Yedi Ulular <\/em>ya da Yedi Ulu Ozan <\/em>(Nesimi, Yemini, Virani, Hatayi, Pir Sultan Abdal, Fuzuli, Kul Himmet) Alevi literat\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn olu\u015fmas\u0131na b\u00fcy\u00fck katk\u0131lar yapm\u0131\u015flar, bug\u00fcn halen ya\u015fayan eserler yaratm\u0131\u015f, dilden dile dola\u015fan nefeslere\/deyi\u015flere can vermi\u015flerdir. Bu ba\u011flamda, bir\u00e7ok eserlerinde, Ali\u2019yi, Ehl-i Beyt\u2019i ve On \u0130ki \u0130mam\u0131 konu edinmi\u015f olan bu Ulu Ozanlar<\/em>\u0131n eserlerinden, \u011ead\u00eer Humm ve Velayet hususunda \u00f6rnekler vererek yaz\u0131y\u0131 sonland\u0131rmay\u0131 anlaml\u0131 buluyorum.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Yemini<\/strong>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cBil ki sultan-\u0131 velayettir Emr\u00fc-l M\u00fcminin
\u015e\u00f6yle bil \u015fem\u2018i hidayettir \u0130mam\u00fc-l m\u00fcttekin<\/p>\n\n\n\n

C\u00fcmle mahlukat i\u00e7inde Zat-\u0131 Hakk\u2018dand\u0131r ni\u015fan
Mahzen-i c\u00fcmlu ulumun evvelin \u00fc ahirin<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ahmed \u00fc Mahmud ol Muhammed Mustafa
Ana karda\u015f\u0131m dedi ol Rahmeten-lil\u2018alemin<\/p>\n\n\n\n

C\u00fcmle ashab ortas\u0131nda Fazl\u2019\u0131n izhar etti Hakk
Alemin fahrine ol oldu vasiyy \u00fc hem yakin<\/p>\n\n\n\n

L\u00e2 fet\u00e2 ill\u00e2 Ali l\u00e2 seyfe ill\u00e2 z\u00fclfik\u00e2r
\u0130\u015f bu medhin can ile zikr etti Cibril-i emin<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ahmed\u2019in kaim makam\u0131 efdalinden Ali\u2019nin
Bab-\u0131 ilimimdir deyu buyurdu Hatm\u00fc-l M\u00fcrselin<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ey Yemini Hayder\u2019in medhini bir e\u015fya tan
Yazamaz yerden g\u00f6\u011fe evrak ola ruy-i zemin\u201d[5]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Yine Yemini<\/strong> bir ba\u015fka yerde \u015f\u00f6yle seslenmektedir:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cDedi peygamber ey ashab dinleyin
Ne dersem fehm-i ak\u0131l ile anlay\u0131n<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Velayet hangi yerde olsa zahir
Ali\u2019den gayr\u0131 bilmeyiniz onu zahir<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0130ki g\u00f6ren onu m\u00fc\u015frik i\u015fidir
\u0130kilik dev-i \u015feytan c\u00fcnb\u00fc\u015f\u00fcd\u00fcr<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bunu b\u00f6yle buyurdu din ve usul\u00fc
Veli olur bulan nura vusul\u00fc<\/p>\n\n\n\n

C\u00fcmle ashab i\u015fittiler bu s\u00f6z\u00fc
Vurdular c\u00fcmlesi topra\u011fa y\u00fcz\u00fc\u2026\u201d[6]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Virani<\/strong>: <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cAli \u015fah-\u0131 velayettir
Ali nur-\u0131 hidayettir<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ali sahib-i ker\u00e2mettir
Ali\u2019dir emr-i Emrullah<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ali\u2019dir (lahm\u00fcke lahmi)
Ali\u2018dir (demm\u00fcke demmi)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ali\u2019dir (cism\u00fcke cismi)
Ali\u2019dir bil resulull\u00e2h\u2026\u201d[7]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Hatayi<\/strong>: <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cMuhabbetten has\u0131l oldu Muhammed
Ali\u2019ye verildi c\u00fcmle velayet
On \u0130ki \u0130mam\u2019\u0131n erk\u00e2n\u0131 \u015fefaat
Muhabbetten ge\u00e7en Hakk\u2019tan da ge\u00e7er\u201d[8]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cVar idi Hud\u00e2 ile s\u0131rr\u0131 behem
Get\u00fcrd\u00fc v\u00fcc\u00fbda bizi ez adem
An\u0131nla \u015fer\u00eef oldu Beyt-\u00fcl-harem
Makam-\u0131 vel\u00e2yet mek\u00e2n-\u0131 kerem
Ali\u2019dir Ali\u2019dir Ali\u2019dir Ali
Aliy-y\u00fcl-az\u00eem \u00fc \u015fef\u00ee\u2019-\u00fcl-vel\u00ee<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Hak idi kim ol indi g\u00f6kten yere
Ki halk-\u0131 cih\u00e2na y\u00fcz\u00fcn g\u00f6stere
\u015eefaat ol eyler bu \u00e2lemlere
Olan L\u00e2hm\u00fcke l\u00e2hmi Peygamber\u2019e
Ali\u2019dir Ali\u2019dir Ali\u2019dir Ali
Aliy-y\u00fcl-az\u00eem \u00fc \u015fef\u00ee\u2019-\u00fcl-vel\u00ee\u201d[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kul Himmet: <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cL\u00e2hmike l\u00e2hmi hadisini[10]<\/sup><\/a> Bedir gazas\u0131nda
Ali hakk\u0131nda \u00e7a\u011f\u0131rd\u0131 ol sahib-i minber<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Hem derdi ki Ali benim ben Ali\u2019yim bilmi\u015f olas\u0131z
Bu do\u011fru s\u00f6ze \u015fek getiren m\u00fcnkir k\u00e2fir <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ali ser-i evliyad\u0131r ben ser-i enbiya
Ali hatm-i evliyad\u0131r ben hatem-i peygamber<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0130kimiz nur-\u0131 tevhidiz t\u00e2 ezeli ezelden
Ali Bedir fahridir ben \u015fems-i enver\u201d[11]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ba\u015fka bir yerde de \u015f\u00f6yle demekte Kul Himmet<\/strong>: <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cEy zahit Muhammed Ali
Kandilde nur de\u011fil midir
L\u00e2hmike l\u00e2hmi k\u00e2vlinde
\u0130kisi bir de\u011fil midir <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ali\u2019dir l\u00e2hmike l\u00e2hmi 
Ali\u2019dir cismimin cismi 
Ali\u2019dir c\u00fcmlenin asl\u0131 
Ali gevher de\u011fil midir\u201d[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Genel olarak Alevi \u00f6\u011fretisine g\u00f6re, Ali, s\u0131radan bir varl\u0131k de\u011fildir; \u201cyedi iklim d\u00f6rt k\u00f6\u015fede olan\u201d,[13]<\/sup><\/a> \u201chudutsuz marifettir\u201d, Nuru ile hayat sa\u00e7an, varl\u0131\u011fa Ma\u2019n\u00e2<\/em>d\u0131r. Yani tarihsel Ali\u2019den, ba\u015fka bir ifadeyle Mekke\u2019de belli bir tarihte do\u011fan Hz. Ali\u2019den \u00f6nce, hatta bu d\u00fcnya yarat\u0131lmadan \u00f6nce de Ali vard\u0131. Ali, \u0130slam \u00f6ncesi devirlerde \u00e7e\u015fitli bi\u00e7imlerde var olmu\u015f, dile gelmi\u015ftir. K\u0131sacas\u0131 \u0130sa ile de Musa ile de Ali\u2019yi g\u00f6r\u00fcr\u00fcz\u2026[14]<\/sup><\/a> Elbette Alevilik tarihin bir noktas\u0131nda birden ne\u015fet etmi\u015f bir inan\u00e7 de\u011fildir, g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc k\u00f6kleri vard\u0131r. Fakat bu ger\u00e7ek, tarihsel Ali\u2019yi ve onunla bi\u00e7imlenen \u0130slam deneyimini ge\u00e7ersiz k\u0131lmaz, bilakis g\u00fc\u00e7lendirir. A\u015fk\u0131n olan Ali, tarihsel Ali\u2019yi de kapsar. Alevilerin \u0130slam \u00f6ncesi inan\u00e7lar\u0131, \u0130slam d\u00f6nemiyle birlikte yeni formlar kazanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r, kendine yeni \u201cYollar\u201d a\u00e7m\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ve b\u00f6ylece y\u00fczlerce y\u0131l i\u00e7inde, bu proto-Alevilikler kendilerini yeniden ihdas etmi\u015f\/in\u015fa etmi\u015f\/kurmu\u015ftur\u2026 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

(Bu yaz\u0131 Hakan Mertcan\u2019\u0131n Ak\u0131nt\u0131ya Kar\u015f\u0131: Aleviler, Suriye ve Laiklik<\/em> kitab\u0131ndan k\u0131salt\u0131larak al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/sup><\/a> Farhad Daftary, \u0130smaililer Tarihleri ve \u00d6\u011fretileri<\/strong>, \u00c7ev. Erdal Toprak, \u0130stanbul, Doruk Yay, 2005, s. 69.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/sup><\/a> Daha geni\u015f bilgi ve kaynak\u00e7a i\u00e7in bkz. Hakan Mertcan, T\u00fcrk Modernle\u015fmesinde Arap Aleviler<\/strong> (Tarih, Kimlik, Siyaset)<\/strong>, 4. B., Karahan Kitabevi, Adana, 2020, s. 22-27.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/sup><\/a> F\u0131\u011flal\u0131\u2019n\u0131n aktard\u0131\u011f\u0131na g\u00f6re, \u201cMiladi 963 (H. 352) y\u0131l\u0131nda, B\u00fcveyhiler\u2019den Muizz\u00fcddevle Ahmed b. B\u00fcveyh, lrak\u2019ta; M. 973 (H. 362) y\u0131l\u0131nda, Fat\u0131miler\u2019den Muiz-Lid\u00eenill\u00e2h, M\u0131s\u0131r\u2019da bu g\u00fcn\u00fc resmi bayram ilan etmi\u015flerdir; Ethem Ruhi F\u0131\u011flal\u0131, \u201cGad\u00eer-i Hum\u201d, TDV<\/strong> \u0130slam Ansiklopedisi<\/strong>, C. 13, \u0130stanbul, 1996, s. 280, https:\/\/islamansiklopedisi.org.tr\/gadir-i-hum<\/a> (E.T. 16.09.2020).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/sup><\/a> Arap Alevilerin kutsal g\u00fcnlerinde, bayramlar\u0131nda, kolektif bir emek ile yapt\u0131klar\u0131 \u00f6zel bir yemektir. Et ve bu\u011fday\u0131n, kazanlarda uzun s\u00fcre kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131larak pi\u015firilmesi sonucu elde edilen (kimi y\u00f6relerde \u201c\u00e7orba\u201d veya \u201ckamhi\u201d olarak da adland\u0131r\u0131lan) sembolik anlamlar da ihtiva eden yemek toplumla payla\u015f\u0131l\u0131r. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/sup><\/a> Alevi-Bekta\u015fi \u015eiirleri Antolojisi<\/strong>, Haz. \u0130. \u00d6zmen, C. 2, Ankara, K\u00fclt\u00fcr Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 Y., Ankara, 1998, s. 39.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/sup><\/a> Alevi-Bekta\u015fi \u015eiirleri Antolojisi<\/strong>, C. 2, s. 45-46. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/sup><\/a> Alevi-Bekta\u015fi \u015eiirleri Antolojisi<\/strong>, C. 2, S. 449-50. Yeri gelmi\u015fken birka\u00e7 c\u00fcmleyle de olsa belirtme gere\u011fi duyuyorum; Virani, daha \u00e7ok Hurufi, Bekta\u015fi olarak bilinse de Nusayri (Arap Alevi) oldu\u011fu da iddia edilmektedir (Ayn\u0131, s. 430-31). 15 d\u00f6rtl\u00fckten olu\u015fan uzun bir \u015fiirinde de \u201cNusayriyim Nusayriyim Nusayri\u201d nakarat\u0131na (15 kez) yer vermi\u015ftir. Genel olarak Virani\u2019nin eserlerine bak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, Arap Alevi \u00f6\u011fretisine a\u015fina oldu\u011fu ve\/veya bu yol ile ili\u015fkilenmi\u015f olabilece\u011fi kanaati uyanmaktad\u0131r. \u015eiirin tamam\u0131 i\u00e7in bkz. Virani Divan\u0131 ve Risalesi (Buyru\u011fu)<\/strong>, Der. A. A. Atalay Vaktidolu, Can Yay\u0131nlar\u0131, 1998, s. 45-47.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/sup><\/a> Alevi-Bekta\u015fi \u015eiirleri Antolojisi<\/strong>, C. 2, s. 139.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/sup><\/a> Hatayi Divan\u0131 \u015eah \u0130smail Safevi: Edebi Hayat\u0131 ve Nefesleri<\/strong>, Haz. S. N\u00fczhet Ergun, 2. B., \u0130stanbul Maarif Kitaphanesi, 1956, s. 192.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/sup><\/a> Alevi l\u00fcterat\u00fcr\u00fcnde \u00e7ok\u00e7a kar\u015f\u0131m\u0131za \u00e7\u0131kan, \u201cEti etimdir, kan\u0131 kan\u0131md\u0131r, cismi cismidir, ruhu ruhumdur\u201d manas\u0131ndaki bu hadisin Peygamber taraf\u0131ndan Hz. Ali i\u00e7in s\u00f6ylendi\u011fi rivayet edilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[11]<\/sup><\/a>\u0130brahim Aslano\u011flu, Kul Himmet: Ya\u015fam\u0131, Ki\u015fili\u011fi ve \u015eiirleri<\/strong>, \u0130stanbul, Ekin Yay\u0131nlar\u0131, 1997, s. 187.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[12]<\/sup><\/a> Aslano\u011flu, a.g.e., s. 176-77; Selay \u00d6zcan, Kul Himmet\u2019in \u015eiir D\u00fcnyas\u0131, \u015eiirlerinde Gelenek, Etkile\u015fim ve E\u011fitim<\/strong>, (Yay\u0131mlanmam\u0131\u015f YL Tezi), \u0130zmir, Dokuz Eyl\u00fcl \u00dcni. EBE, 2011, s. 321. Yine ba\u015fka bir eserinde de \u015f\u00f6yle seslenmekte Kul Himmet: \u201cM\u00fcrabbi[nin] m\u00fcsahibin gedi\u011fi\/ \u00c2\u015fina pe\u015fine \u00e7i\u011filde\u015f kurdu\u011fu\/ Muhammed\u2019in lahmike lahmi dedi\u011fi\/ Sevdik\u00e7e sevesim gelir Ali\u2019yi\u201d; Hasan Kaya ve Necat \u00c7etin, \u201cKul Himmet\u2019in Bir Mecmuada Yer Alan 50 \u015eiiri\u201d, Uluslararas\u0131 Sosyal Ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar Dergisi,<\/strong> C. 8, S. 37, 2015, s. 194.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[13]<\/sup><\/a> Aslan\u2019\u0131 g\u00f6rd\u00fcm me\u015fede\/ K\u0131rk mum yanar bir \u015fi\u015fede\/ Yedi iklim d\u00f6rt k\u00f6\u015fede\/ Ali\u2019yi g\u00f6rd\u00fcm Ali’yi (Kul Himmet), Alevi – Bekta\u015fi \u015eiirleri Antolojisi<\/strong>, s. 305.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[14]<\/sup><\/a> Bu ba\u011flamda Kul Himmet\u2019in \u201cNice y\u00fcz bin y\u0131llar kandilde durdun\/ Atan\u0131n belinden madere geldin\/ An\u0131n i\u00e7in halk\u0131 g\u00fcmana sald\u0131n\/ Binbir dondan ba\u015f g\u00f6sterdin ya Ali\u201d (Ayn\u0131, s. 303.) Virani\u2019nin, \u201cManan\u0131n s\u0131rr\u0131na eremez\/ Ol ahmak faki g\u00f6remez\/ Niyaz et pir derg\u00e2h\u0131na\/ Yak\u0131nda bulas\u0131n Hakk\u2019\u0131\/  Ey Virani d\u00f6rt kitapta\/ Vard\u0131r methi Ali\u2019nin\/ Okur Ehlibeyti her dem\/ \u015eimir, Mervan anlamaz\u201d (Ayn\u0131, s. 467) ve \u201cVirani\u2019yim niyaz\u0131m var \u00fcstaza\/ Elinde Z\u00fclfikar hem ehl-i gaza\/ Bin bir dondan ba\u015f g\u00f6sterdi Murtaza\/ Biz dahi bir b\u00f6l\u00fck tuttuk eyvallah\u201d (Ayn\u0131, s. 436); Pir Sultan\u2019\u0131n \u201cYedi iklim d\u00f6rt k\u00f6\u015fede\/ Allah bir Muhammed Ali\u201d (Ayn\u0131, s. 217); Hatayi\u2019nin \u201cAli\u2019dir cesedin kendisi yuyan\/ Yuyup kefeniyle tabuta koyan\/ Ali\u2019dir devesin kendisi yeden\/ Hak ile Hak olan Arslan Ali\u2019dir\u201d (Hatayi Divan\u0131 \u015eah \u0130smail Safevi<\/strong>, s. 75) deyi\u015flerini an\u0131msatmak isterim.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Hakan Mertcan ‘Arap Aleviler, Hicr\u00ee Zilhicce ay\u0131n\u0131n 18\u2019ini \u011ead\u00eer Humm Bayram\u0131 olarak kutlar. Y\u00fczy\u0131llarca t\u00fcm bask\u0131 ve katliam politikalar\u0131na ra\u011fmen\u00a0Arap Aleviler\u00a0halen,\u00a0\u011ead\u00eer Humm\u2019u en y\u00fcce bayram olarak co\u015fkuyla kutlamaya devam etmektedir.\u00a0Iyd el-\u011ead\u00eer\u00a0denilen bu bayramda maddi hayat\u0131n bir nevi durmas\u0131, Hakk ile cem olunmas\u0131, varolu\u015f ve\u00a0Ma\u2019n\u00e2\u00a0\u00fczerine tefekk\u00fcr edilmesi gerekir.’ Hz. Ali\u2019nin taraftarlar\u0131 peygamberin kendisinin yerine ge\u00e7ecek ki\u015fiyi […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":896,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"tdm_status":"","tdm_grid_status":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[8,6,5],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-893","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-guncel","8":"category-kultur","9":"category-tarih"},"yoast_head":"\n\u011ead\u00eer Humm ve Aleviler - ehlen<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Genel olarak Alevi \u00f6\u011fretisine g\u00f6re, Ali, s\u0131radan bir varl\u0131k de\u011fildir; \u201cyedi iklim d\u00f6rt k\u00f6\u015fede olan\u201d,[13]\u00a0\u201chudutsuz marifettir\u201d, Nuru ile hayat sa\u00e7an, varl\u0131\u011fa\u00a0Ma\u2019n\u00e2d\u0131r.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/ehlendergisi.com\/index.php\/2025\/06\/13\/gadir-humm-ve-aleviler\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"tr_TR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"\u011ead\u00eer Humm ve Aleviler - ehlen\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Genel olarak Alevi \u00f6\u011fretisine g\u00f6re, Ali, s\u0131radan bir varl\u0131k de\u011fildir; 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